Four skinfold thicknesses are conventionally meas
ured (Figure 4.3), using calipers at biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac, and the sum of all four skinfolds (equation 1), or just the triceps skinfold (equation 2), with subjects' age, are used in linear multiple regression to predict total body fat. The original equations for use in adults (2) have been cross-validated in a separate sample and found to be robust in adults aged 20-60 years (6), but tend to underestimate substantially the total fat in the elderly, particularly women (6,22) (Figure 4.6).
Body fat % (men) = [30.9 x log10 ^skinfolds (mm)] + [0.271 x Age (years)] - 39.9 (1)
Body fat % (women) = [30.8 x log10 ^skinfolds (mm)] + [0.274 x Age (years)] - 31.7
Body fat % (men) = (1.31 x Triceps) + (0.430 x Age) - 9.2 (2)
Body fat % (women) = (0.944 x Triceps) + (0.279 x Age) + 4.6
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